Verb Class | 1 ~ Godan ~ 五段 | ||
---|---|---|---|
Stem | kotowar - | ||
Te form | kotowatte | ||
Infinitive | kotowari | ||
Positive | Negative | ||
refuse,%20decline, will refuse,%20decline | don't refuse,%20decline, won't refuse,%20decline | ||
Present Indicative | Plain | kotowaru | kotowaranai |
Polite | kotowarimasu | kotowarimasen | |
lets refuse,%20decline, will probably refuse,%20decline | let's not refuse,%20decline, probably won't refuse,%20decline | ||
Presumptive \ Volitional | Plain |
kotowarō kotowaru darō |
kotowaranai darō
|
Polite |
kotowarimashō kotowaru deshō |
kotowaranai deshō
|
|
refuse,%20decline! | don't refuse,%20decline! | ||
Imperative | Plain | kotoware | kotowaru na |
Polite | kotowatte kudasai | kotowaranai de kudasai | |
Past Indicative | Plain | kotowatta | kotowaranakatta |
Polite | kotowarimashita | kotowarimasen deshita | |
Past Presumptive | Plain |
kotowattarō
kotowatta darō | kotowaranakatta darō |
Polite | kotowatta deshō | kotowaranakatta deshō | |
Present Progressive | Plain | kotowatte iru | |
Polite | kotowatte imasu | kotowatte imasen | |
Past Progressive | Plain | kotowatte ita | |
Polite | kotowatte imashita | kotowatte imasen deshita | |
Provisional Conditional eba | Plain | kotowareba | kotowaranakereba |
Polite | n/a | n/a | |
Conditional (-tara form) | Plain | kotowattara | kotowaranakattara |
Polite | kotowarimashitara | kotowarimasen deshitara | |
Potential | Plain | kotowareru | kotowarenai |
Polite | kotowaremasu | kotowaremasen | |
Causative | Plain | kotowaraseru | kotowarasenai |
Polite | kotowarasemasu | kotowarasemasen | |
Passive | Plain | kotowarareru | kotowararenai |
Polite | kotowararemasu | kotowararemasen |
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