Japanese i-adjective
kurai — dark 暗い
Explore the principal positive, negative, past, non-past and conditional forms of this Japanese adjective.
How i-adjectives conjugate
The final い changes to create negative, past and connecting forms. The adjective itself carries this grammatical information, so a separate verb is not required in the plain forms.
Conjugation table
The English glosses are approximate; the natural translation depends on the surrounding sentence.
| Form | Style | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present (non-past) | Plain | is dark kurai 暗い | is not dark kurakunai 暗くない |
| Polite | kurai desu 暗いです | kurakunai desu 暗くないです | |
| Past | Plain | was dark kurakatta 暗かった | was not dark kurakunakatta 暗くなかった |
| Polite | kurakatta desu 暗かったです | kurakunakatta desu 暗くなかったです | |
| Presumptive | Plain | will probably be dark kurai darō 暗いだろう | kurakunai darō 暗くないだろう |
| Polite | kurai deshō 暗いでしょう | kurakunai deshō 暗くないでしょう | |
| Conditional | Standard | if it is dark kurakereba 暗ければ | if it is not dark kurakunakereba 暗くなければ |
| Connecting form | Standard | kurakute 暗くて | kurakunakute 暗くなくて |
These conjugations are generated automatically and are intended as a learning guide. Check the natural usage in context when accuracy is important.