Japanese i-adjective
samui — cold 寒い
Explore the principal positive, negative, past, non-past and conditional forms of this Japanese adjective.
How i-adjectives conjugate
The final い changes to create negative, past and connecting forms. The adjective itself carries this grammatical information, so a separate verb is not required in the plain forms.
Conjugation table
The English glosses are approximate; the natural translation depends on the surrounding sentence.
| Form | Style | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present (non-past) | Plain | is cold samui 寒い | is not cold samukunai 寒くない |
| Polite | samui desu 寒いです | samukunai desu 寒くないです | |
| Past | Plain | was cold samukatta 寒かった | was not cold samukunakatta 寒くなかった |
| Polite | samukatta desu 寒かったです | samukunakatta desu 寒くなかったです | |
| Presumptive | Plain | will probably be cold samui darō 寒いだろう | samukunai darō 寒くないだろう |
| Polite | samui deshō 寒いでしょう | samukunai deshō 寒くないでしょう | |
| Conditional | Standard | if it is cold samukereba 寒ければ | if it is not cold samukunakereba 寒くなければ |
| Connecting form | Standard | samukute 寒くて | samukunakute 寒くなくて |
These conjugations are generated automatically and are intended as a learning guide. Check the natural usage in context when accuracy is important.